When you come across carbon as a reactant or electrode, carbon means graphite not diamond. Click on the diagram at the right to see the layers. What is the Structure of Graphite? 1: In-plane structure of graphite and reciprocal lattice vectors [1]. top. The graphite layer structure can be folded and bent into balls and tubes providing the number of carbon atoms in the sheet is large enough. To begin, let’s go back to the root of Organic Chemistry. Atomic Structure. Materials needed: - A piece of paper - A graphite pencil (not the #2 pencils you used at school when you were a kid, but what “artists” use that’s pure graphite. In fact, it is probably the strongest 2 dimensional network structure known, and is the structural backbone of all carbon/graphite fibers, and carbon nano-tubes. The structure of graphite consists of a succession of layers parallel to the basal plane of hexagonally linked carbon atoms. ∗Electronic address: dodd@mit.edu, amcc@mit.edu, mook-erji@mit.edu, spacing between sheets c = 6.71˚A. The carbon atoms in the Graphite structure are sp2 hybridized and are directed in the same plane thus forming hexagonal rings. The layers are called graphene sheets. So any discussion of graphite must begin with the “structure and bonding” within a carbon material in order to understand why a particular carbon behaves the way it does. The ideal graphite structure is shown in Figure 1-5. Diamond is trans-formed to graphite above 1500°C (Figure 1-4). STRUCTURE Thermodynamically, graphite at atmospheric pressure is the more stable form of carbon. It can be written C (gr) but is usually written as just C. The structure of graphite consists of many flat layers of hexagons. Uses and Applications: Graphite powder is utilized as a lubricant in the form of dispersion material or powder. Graphite is said to exhibit low electrical conductivity with a low density of about 2.26 g/cm3. Fullerenes. The strength of the sigma bond in carbon is also illustrated by the high hardness of diamond. mensional structure of graphite is formed with a lattice FIG. The sheets align such that their two-dimensional hexagonal lattices are stag-gered, either in an ABAB pattern or an ABCABC pat-tern. The ABAB … Graphite circuits are a fun and potentially useful trick to create paper thin circuits that can power electronics, although they work best for LED’s, due to the low power consumption and inefficiency of the circuit. These balls and tubes (bucky balls and nano tubes) have all been developed from the discovery by Kroto of spherical molecules consisting of 60 carbon atoms (and greater). The rings have many layers of particles.
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