Main-tenance costs are often lower due to reduced overspray, runoff, erosion, compaction, water staining, and property damage. Improving plant growth and reducing cost justifies an automated irrigation will used. The deficit irrigation treatments had ETC values that ranged from 60% to 80% of full ETC depending on the year and treatment. Statistical population of this research consisted of all 5017 managers of olive farms of Rudbar Township. Irrigation uses around 70% of total available fresh water, while irrigation water application efficiency is around 40%. Also there was significant relationship between intention to use and use behavior of pressurized irrigation technology. The main-plot represented irrigation methods [automated irrigation (M1) & traditional irrigation (M2)]. Por ello recientemente el gobierno de Chile ha declarado que el agua es un recurso prioritario para la industria minera. La agricultura está concentrada entre las regiones de Coquimbo y Los Lagos, cubriendo la mayor parte del territorio nacional, con 270.000 agricultores que trabajan 30.45 millones de hectáreas, el 40% de la superficie continental. Drip Irrigation Design . Crop load (yield/pruning weight) was found to be affected by irrigation due to a differential effect of irrigation on fruit bud differentiation and on vegetative growth. The yield response to a deficit treatment that was fully irrigated during the bearing year and rain fed in the nonbearing year, was less favorable than that observed in the other two deficit treatments. The highlights are: (1) the highest growth in permanently irrigated land in the A1 scenario; (2) the biggest drop in non-irrigated arable land, and the highest growth in forest in the A2 scenario; and (3) the greatest urban growth was recognized in the B0 scenario. Our results suggest that significant LUCC will occur depending on their intentions in the different scenarios. – El tercer objetivo es crear redes con instituciones de investigación, nacionales e internacionales y con el sector público y privado del país para beneficiarse de la investigación cooperativa y de la transferencia de tecnología. Sci. The emitters, which are attached to the laterals, distribute water for irrigation. Field experiments were carried out at farm in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during summer season 2013. However, it is worth noting that the implementation and operation of sophisticated irrigation schedules such as G-O requires better design criteria that account for soil variability and not only for topography [46]. Likewise, reliability of the questionnaire was tested employing principal component analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, Dillon–Goldstein’s ʃ and reagent stability. The control treatment, like RDI-P and RDI-SII-P when not receiving RDI, was irrigated at 100% of a water budget irrigation scheduling in 1994 and 1996, full crop years, and 80 % of the budget in 1995, an off year with a very small crop. A large scale field trial was conducted at the Nickels Soils Laboratory in the Sacramento Valley of California to evaluate three microirrigation systems; Surface Drip, Subsurface Drip (SDI) and Micro-jet on four cultivars of almonds, 'Nonpareil', 'Butte', 'Carmel' and 'Monterey' (Prunus dulcis [Mill.] Water footprint in a blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) crop with drip and sprinkler anti-frost system, were measure and values obtained were 846, 310, 223, 212, 172 and 218 liters per kg of fresh fruit in the period 2010-2015. The higher Water use efficiency of grain yield estimated to 1.11 kg/m 3 was obtained under M1, while M2 induced lower value 0.83 kg/m 3. Five different irrigation strategies, full irrigation, rain fed, and three deficit irrigation treatments were compared from 1996 to 1999, in Cordoba, southern Spain, to characterize the response of a mature olive (Olea europaea L. 'Picual') orchard to irrigation.
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