Liontail macaques, or wanderoos (M. silenus), are black with gray ruffs and tufted tails; an endangered species, they are found only in a small area of southern India. [14] On the island Mauritius, they have created serious conservation concerns for other endemic species. The macaques (/məˈkɑːk/ or /məˈkæk/)[2] constitute a genus (Macaca) of gregarious Old World monkeys of the subfamily Cercopithecinae. [17], Urban performing macaques also carried simian foamy virus, suggesting they could be involved in the species-to-species jump of similar retroviruses to humans. The tail varies among each species, which can be long, moderate, short or totally absent. Macaques live in troops of varying size. Macaques are able to swim and spend most of their time on the ground, along with some time in trees. The bonnet monkey (M. radiata) and the toque macaque (M. sinica), from southern India and Sri Lanka, respectively, have hair on the top of the head that grows from a central whorl, in contrast to the short hair of the forehead and temples. Omissions? The seven species of short-tailed macaques on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi (Celebes) vary in appearance from the distinctive crested black macaque (M. nigra) at the northern end of the island to the less-specialized Moor macaque (M. maura) in the south. Stump-tailed macaques (M. arctoides) are strong, shaggy-haired forest dwellers with pink or red faces and very short tails. Oxford University Press, March 2017. The 23 species of macaques inhabit ranges throughout Asia, North Africa, and (in one instance) Gibraltar. ", "Cloning of Macaque Monkeys by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer", "These monkey twins are the first primate clones made by the method that developed Dolly", "First monkey clones created in Chinese laboratory", "Scientists Successfully Clone Monkeys; Are Humans Up Next? The genus Macaca is a primate classified in the family Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys), along with baboons, mangabeys, guenons, langurs, and colobus monkeys. Previously, efforts to remove macaque individuals were met with public resistance. Several species of macaque are used extensively in animal testing, particularly in the neuroscience of visual perception and the visual system. Another close relative is the bokkoi (M. pagensis), found only on the Mentawai Islands of Indonesia. …provided by a troop of macaques in Japan. It is also called the Cynomolgus Monkey and the Long-tailed Macaque. They sexually mature between three and five years of age. When macaques live amongst people, they raid agricultural crops such as wheat, rice, or sugarcane; and garden crops like tomatoes, bananas, melons, mangos, or papayas. They consume seeds of native plants and aid in the spread of exotic weeds throughout the forests. In addition, crab-eating macaques and rhesus monkeys, in particular, have played important roles in cloning. These primates live in troops that vary in size, where males dominate, however the rank order of dominance frequently shifts. For example, Li et al., based on DNA testing, do not recognize the M. fascularis group. Breeding occurs year-round in some (mostly tropical) species, but, among those living outside the tropics, it is seasonal. Typical composition consists of 15% adult males, 35% adult females, 20% infants, and 30% juveniles, though there exists variation in structure and size of groups across populations. Rather, they place the crab-eating macaque within the M. mulatta group and the stump-tailed macaque within the M. sinica group. [9] Macaques have a typical lifespan of 20 to 30 years. This includes peanuts, rice, legumes, or even prepared food. It is endemic to the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia . The long-tailed macaque (M. fascicularis) is listed as a threat and invasive alien species in Mauritius, along with the rhesus macaques (M. mulatta) in Florida.[13]. As of 2005, the authors of Mammal Species of the World recognized the following species and species groups, aside from the white-cheeked macaque, which was described in 2015. Populations of the rhesus macaque can grow at rates of 10% to 15% per year if the environmental conditions are favorable. On average, southern pig-tailed macaques in Malaysia eat about 70 large rats each per year. [7], In some species, skin folds join the second through fifth toes, almost reaching the first metatarsal joint. Macaques are found in a variety of habitats throughout the Asian continent and are highly adaptable. They can also survive in completely natural settings absent of humans. Japanese macaques, or snow monkeys (M. fuscata), are larger, more muscular, and shaggy-haired with pink faces and very short furry tails. Natural resource managers are being educated by scientific studies in the proposed strategy. Macaque, (genus Macaca), any of more than 20 species of gregarious Old World monkeys, all of which are Asian except for the Barbary macaque of North Africa. Females will usually stay with the social group in which they were born; however, young adult males tend to disperse and attempt to enter other social groups. Macaques are mainly vegetarian, although some species have been observed feeding on insects. Not all males succeed in joining other groups and may become solitary, attempting to join other social groups for many years. Size differs between the sexes and between the species; males range in head and body length from about 41 to 70 cm (16 to 28 inches) and in weight from about 2.4 kg (5.3 pounds) in females and 5.5 kg in males of the smallest species, the crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis), to a maximum of about 13 kg in females and 18 kg in males of the largest species, the Tibetan macaque (M. thibetana).

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