In addition, the target-yield approach is re-examined with the aim of maintaining and enhancing long-term soil fertility. Soil fertility is the sustainable capacity of a soil to produce good yields of high quality on the basis of chemical, physical and biological factors. The health of our soil is a key component to the efficient utilisation of soil nutrients in the production of food in an environmental and sustainable manner. Maintenance of soil fertility is a great problem of our farmers. So the fertility of soil depends on the inherent capacity of soil. Soil fertility is of two types; (a) Permanent fertility: It is derived from the soil itself. TOS 7. Besides this, cultivation of crops without manuring decreases the fertility of soil. Disclaimer 9. The nitrifying bacteria fix nitrogen from air. Due to the wide range of soils, it … Privacy Policy 8. Definition of Soil Fertility: Soil fertility may be defined as the inherent capacity of soil to supply plant nutrients in adequate amount and suitable proportion and free from toxic substances. But every productive soil has to be fertile. Fertilizers, both straight and mixed, are soluble in water and as such they are liable to loss by leaching in rain water or irrigation water. We all know that roots of trees firmly hold on to the soil. (b) Among plant nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is essential for the normal growth and yield of crop. Physical fertility refers to the physical properties of the soil, its structure, texture and water holding properties, the way water flows to plant roots and how those roots penetrate the soil. Plant nutrient, particularly nitrogen remains on the upper layer of soil. Image Guidelines 5. For this, the fertility of soil in temperate region becomes low. (v) Maintenance of optimum moisture in the soil. Weeds by nature of them grow fast and remove the plant nutrients from the soil. These include nutrient supply and organic matter, pH, parent material, clay content, moisture and water content, bulk density, and … Content Filtrations 6. As a result of which the fertility of that soil becomes low. On the other hand, the fertility of level and becomes more, because the nutrient of high land in soluble form deposited in the level land, specially in low land. As a result of which, organic matter do not decompose properly and the nutrients of organic matter does not transformed in available form of the plant. The fertility developed by application of manures and fertilizers, tillage, irrigation etc. The plant do not absorb nutrient if it is not soluble in water. Rainfall and temperature has an effect on soil fertility. Silt is easily transported by moving currents and it is mainly found near the river, lake and other water bodies. iv. The inherent fertility has a limiting factor from which the fertility is not decreased. Nitrogen is generally subjected to loss in gaseous form. Because the nutrients remaining in upper layer of soil is lost by erosion and the fertility of soil decreases accordingly. Four to five per cent of total nitrogen is lost from soil per acre annually through the harvested crops. In heavy rainfall areas, the nutrients are lost by leaching. It can be improved, maintained or corrected by soil management practices. As a result, phosphate remains in the soil in unavailable form to plant. (a) The fertility developed by application of manures and fertilizers, tillage, irrigation, etc., is known as acquired fertility. (a) The soil, as a nature contains some nutrients, which is known as inherent fertility. Soil contains 25 per cent water and 25 per cent air by its volume and this condition is favourable for good aeration. This type of gaseous loss is strictly chemical and does not require either the presence of microorganism or adverse soil condition.
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